[link] Abstract Aim : Distressing dreams were previously reported to predict future all-cause dementia among predominantly white US participants aged 79-89 years, particularly in men. We investigated whether disturbing dreams (nightmares and bad dreams) were associated with all-cause and Alzheimer dementia (AD) among individuals aged 60-89 years from diverse international regions. Methods : Data were from six longitudinal cohort studies across Brazil, China, France, Italy, South Korea, and Taiwan (n = 10,238, 42.5% men). Cox regressions with a random effect for study inv